Analysis of Holdens Psychology in The Catcher in the Rye《麦田里的守望者》中霍尔顿的心理分析文献综述

 2021-10-22 21:46:36

毕业论文课题相关文献综述

1. Introduction

The Catcher in the Ryeis the only one long novel of American writer J.D. Salinger, it has been listed as one of the best novel in 20th century. The Catcher in the Ryeportrays the emotional and physical deterioration of protagonist Holden Caulfield, a sixteen-year-old boy whose idealistic resistance to the hypocrisy and immorality of adult world. Through the tone of a middle school boy, the author shows the deepest confusion of teenagers during 1950 in their lives. It also exposes a clearer understanding of adolescents particular psychology.Onone side Salinger vividly paints a disturbing spiritual world of a middle-class juvenile full of loneliness, anxiety, and depression as well as contradictory psychological characteristic; On the other side, by presenting Holdens rebellion and dissatisfaction against what is expected of him, Salinger reveals the turmoil which often simmers beneath the surface of individuals in real life. The Catcher in the Rye won great success and reputation after itwas published. The depiction of adolescent alienation and loss of innocence in Holden Caulfield was influential,especially among adolescent readers.

Salinger is a master of contemporary dialect and idiomatic expression. The major works of Salinger are unified by several core themes: the despoliation of childhood innocence and integrity by insensitive, superficial adults; the longing for family relation and unconditional love between the alienation and absurdity of life; and the quest for spiritual enlightenment in a vapid, dull and materialistic world. For instance, in 1948, his critically acclaimed story A Perfect Day for Bananafishwas published in The New Yorker magazine, which became home to much of his later work. His skills of writing are excellent and impressive: in the manner of the New York, with its period styles(Harold, 1987:2).Then, in 1951, he created his only long fiction after the World War IIThe Catcher in the Rye, which was based on his life experiences, was considered as a memorable and enduring classic of American modern literature with an epoch-making significance. Due to his depiction of Holdens adolescent alienation, the idea ofloss of innocence was influential, especially among immature readers.

2. Literature Review

In recent years, Jerome David Salingers masterpiece The Catcher in the Ryeis a well-known novel in contemporary Western literature, which attracts many scholarsattention. At that time, it was called Salinger Industrydue to the number of essays and monographs. There are many literary criticisms devoted to the novel from different angles. It is necessary to establish a clear picture of viewpoints based on psychoanalysis.

2.1 Overseas studies

The critical studies on Salingers The Catcher in the Ryeare colorful and have had rich achievements. Hundreds of critical essays have been written since its publication in 1951. The major findings have been cataloged according to them.

Psychoanalytic interpretations encompass a range of theoretical perspectives and provoke debates among critics. David(1974) highlights Holdens unconsciousness, and argues that his brother Allies death leads to the fact that he always connects his own experiences with death.James Bryan(1975:105) illustrates in The Psychological Structure of The Catcher in the Rye, and gives a comprehensive interpretation of psychoanalysis in Holden. He deems that the attitudes of sex and death are evil expressions,because he is subconscious for sex to his sister Phoebe. The reactions that Phoebe has to deal with Holdens inner needs are catalyst which is not only for his breakdown also for his recovery.R. J. Huber (1984), another critic, approaches the novel from a different psychoanalytic perspective based on theories of Alfred Adler who initiates the concepts oflinferiority and superiority. Alfred Adler believes that an individuals world view gives direction to his or her striving and shapes his or her perception of events. Holden is more prototypical of maladjustment in general than of normal adolescence. He has deep-seated inferiority feelings and a compensatory striving for grandiosity(48). In addition, James Mellard(1990) employs Lacans theory of psychoanalysis to elucidate that Holden has experienced a journey of Oedipus complex, then has constructed a need for himself.Holden undergoes a period of heterization, alienation, disillusion and desperation,andobtains a new identity and a new self.

2.2 Domestic studies

In China, the novel did not attracted much attention before 1980s. In the last couple of years, scholars have begun to pay much attention to Salinger and his works.

剩余内容已隐藏，您需要先支付 10元 才能查看该篇文章全部内容！立即支付

以上是毕业论文文献综述，课题毕业论文、任务书、外文翻译、程序设计、图纸设计等资料可联系客服协助查找。

您可能感兴趣的文章