“车载柠条收集粉碎装置设计”文献综述
摘 要:现阶段,我国土地荒漠化问题日益严重,对人类的生存发展带来巨大威胁,因此柠条这种沙灌木被大量种植。但是人工对柠条定期的平茬工作量太大,因此急需提高柠条平茬的机械化水平。国外对柠条收集装置的研发设计很早,起点和水平都较高,整机普遍具有质量轻、功率大且操作方便等优点,现已有成熟的系列化产品。相比于国外产品,我国柠条收集产品的工作可靠性不甚理想,在使用过程中整机的工作效率还有待提高。因此,车载柠条收集粉碎装置的研究与发展具有重要意义。
关键词:土地荒漠化;柠条;收集;粉碎
Summary for Design of Car Caragana Collecting and Crushing Device
Abstract:At present, the problem of land desertification in China is becoming more and more serious, which poses a great threat to the survival and development of mankind. Therefore, the caragana korshinskii,a kind of sand shrubs,is widely planted. However, the manual work on the caragana is too large, so it is urgent to improve the mechanization level of harvesting the caragana. The Ramp;D design of the caragana collection device abroad began very early, and the starting point and level are high. The whole machine generally has the advantages of light weight, high power and convenient operation, now having mature serialized products. Compared with foreign products, the reliability of China#39;s Caragana collection devices is not satisfactory, and the working efficiency of the whole machine needs to be improved during the use. Therefore, the research and development of caragana collection and crushing device is of great significance.
Key Words:Land desertification; Caragana; Collection; Crushing
1研究目的及意义
近年来,土地沙漠化成为全球最重要的生态环境问题之一,已对人类的生存和发展构成了严重的威胁。土地沙漠化是由于植被和可利用水的减少、作物产量下降、土壤侵蚀以及过度土地利用等引起的土地退化现象。目前,全球土地沙漠化面积以每年6万kmsup2;的速度增加。土地沙漠化正影响着世界上36亿hmsup2;的土地(占地球陆地总面积的25%)。[1]近几年来,为了防风固沙、保持水土、改善生态环境、维持生态平衡,正在持续大面积种植灌木。[2]
由于对林木生物质能需要量的迅速增加和为改善人类的生存环境,国内外都很重视林木收割机械的发展。我国宜林荒山荒地、灌木林地、沙荒地资源丰富,同时我国劳动力资源丰富,低廉的劳动力价格使得林木资源收集及能源林和能源灌木林培育成为可能,从而使林木生物质能源产业化发展有更为广阔的区域。[3]收割是延长灌木生长年限,保证永续利用的重要技术措施。因此,研究适用于各种灌木林收割的机械设备,可有效地解决我国因立地条件差等因素所面临的大规模林木收割问题,从而充分利用林木生物质能源[4]。
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