全文总字数：11404字
果园轴流塔式静电喷雾机设计
摘 要
精准农业将现代高新技术、生物技术与农业生产措施紧密结合,利用现代化手段,精细准确的调整和控制农作物生产各项环节,最大限度的优化使用各项农业投入,以获取最高产量和最大经济效益,同时保护农业生态环境和农业自然资源。精准施药是精准农业在植物保护方面应用的领域之一。选择最佳时期和最佳有效药剂,精细确定农药投入量,通过高新施药技术,使尽可能多的农药击中防治对象。在精准施药具体实施的过程当中,需要进行农业技术装备及其产业化技术的研究与开发,对推动我国基于知识和信息的传统农业现代化,具有深远的战略性意义。
果园轴流塔式静电喷雾技术是综合液力雾化、静电喷雾和气力输送技术优点的一种喷雾技术,可以减少雾滴漂移,增加农药在植株叶片上的沉积和附着性能,提高农药的利用率,使资源得到更合理的利用，降低生产成本,减少化学农药对环境的破坏。本文概述了该技术在国内外发展现状,用静电喷雾的理论、流体力学和射流理论知识完成了果园静电喷雾机总体结构布置，底盘的设计，风送系统和喷雾系统合理的设计。
关键词：液力雾化；静电喷雾；气力输送；喷头；精准施药
Design of orchard axial flow tower type electrostatic spray machine
Abstract
Precision agriculture is a combination of modern high-tech, biotechnology and agricultural production. Using modern means, finely and accurately adjust all aspects of crop production, and maximize the optimal use of various agricultural inputs to obtain the highest yield and maximum economy benefits, while protecting the agricultural ecological environment and agricultural natural resources. Precision application is one of the fields in which precision agriculture is applied in plant protection. Selecting the best period and the best effective agent, determining the pesticide input finely, and using high-tech application technology to make as many pesticides as possible to hit the control object. In the specific implementation process of precision pesticide application, the research and development of agricultural technology equipment and its industrialization technology are needed. It has far-reaching strategic significance to promote the traditional agricultural modernization based on knowledge and information in China.
Orchard axial flow tower electrostatic spray technology is a spray technology that combines the advantages of hydraulic atomization, electrostatic spray and pneumatic conveying technology. It can reduce the drift of mist droplets, increase the deposition and adhesion of pesticides on plant leaves and the utilization rate of pesticides, make resources more reasonable, reduce production costs and environmental damage caused by chemical pesticides. This paper summarizes the current development status of this technology at home and abroad, and uses the knowledge of electrostatic spray theory, fluid mechanics and jet theory to complete the overall structure layout of the orchard electrostatic sprayer, the design of the chassis, the reasonable design of the air delivery system and the spray system.
Key words: Hydraulic atomization; Electrostatic spray; Pneumatic conveying; Sprinkler; Precision application
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