文献综述
摘要 本设计主要是进行年5万吨微量元素强化脱脂奶粉厂的工艺设计。首先，在了解资源和市场的基础上，提出了建厂的可行性；其次，对生产车间进行了物料衡算，对车间的工艺设计和设备选型也进行了计算。第三，本设计对公用事业、土建等方面也作了一个初步的设计方案；同时，对水、电、汽的用量和费用也进行了估算；最后，确定本设计方案，采用2班工作制，每天工作时间24h，除去清洗时间1h，实际工作时间按22h计。通过经济技术分析，年产品生产成本核算为106252.42万元，每利润为5581.95万元，预计2.13年可回收成本。整个设计充分考虑了目前的经济状况和今后发展的需要，从节能的角度出发选择设备。生产流程充分考虑到机械化、自动化，技术上先进、可靠，布局合理规范。
关键词：脱脂乳粉；工艺设计；三效降膜蒸发器；喷雾干燥塔
ABSTRACT The design is mainly about the 50000 thousand ton per year workshop of skimmed milk powder. At first, a report of researching for feasibility is offered on the base of understanding resource and market. Second, materials and energy of workshop is calculated. Technology is designed and equipment is done. The third, a preliminary plan is designed about public project building construction and so on. Meanwhile, count and cost of water, electricity vapour of workshop is calculated. Finally, determined this design of working time 24h, besides cleaning time 1h, the actual working hours 22h plan. The design need to be invested 106252.42 ten thousand yuan, annual profit is 5581.95 ten thousand yuan. The payback is about 2.13 years. The whole design is fully considered the current economy and the requirement of the future develop and the equipment is selected in view of saving energy source. The mechanization and automatic of the process flow is improved as possible. Meanwhile, we do our most to search for the advanced and credible technology and to make the layout reasonable and normal.
Key words：Skimmed milk powder；Process workshop；Three-falling film evaporator；Spray drier
一 国内外研究
（1）国内现状：
目前国内己有大小乳粉生产厂500多家。乳粉的种类很多根据乳粉原料和加工方法的不同可以将乳粉分为以全脂乳粉、全脂甜乳粉、脱脂乳粉、婴儿配方乳粉、中小学生乳粉、中老年乳粉、孕妇乳粉、免疫乳粉、降糖乳粉和营养强化乳粉等等几乎涵盖了所有年龄段和人群。其中全脂甜乳粉占总量的一半左右全脂乳粉和脱脂乳粉的生产量也较大，而其他配方乳粉的生产量则较小。
改革开放以来我国乳品生产持续发展乳类产量保持了年均10.3%的增长速度。近几年因市场拉动及国家农业结构战略性调整政策的推动。乳品业又呈现出快速发展的势头。
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