图书馆家具适用功能一体化设计
摘 要：图书馆作为一个容纳书籍、读者以及阅读和办公活动的公共场所，需要具备与之对应的空间、环境和家具。家具，作为室内不可缺少的必需品，兼具美观性的同时也需要有相应的适用功能，与其他装饰物共同融入并构成室内整体环境，提升图书馆阅读办公区域的功能及艺术设计水平。[1]图书馆内的家具是公共空间内的开放式家具，人们的阅读习惯逐渐发生改变，阅读姿势也更加多样化，以往的阅览桌椅等使人们阅读姿势受到极大限制。图书馆在家具选择方面，需要满足不同年龄读者要求，同时符合不同阅读载体读者需要，可考虑组合式家具等，与书架相结合，模糊书架与座椅界限，达到阅读与人的高度融合。[2]对于在开放空间里阅读、学习或办公的人来说，他们对坐、倚、支承、储存都有一定的需求，一个能集桌、椅、柜、书架于一体的家具会是个更能满足图书馆这个公共空间的家具；每个个体在图书馆空间内需求不同、活动不同、活动的方式更是不同，有了适用功能又能人性化自由选择模块化的部件的家具会适合更多的人；在这样的空间内不可避免“与陌生人相邻”的情况，而他们又需要有自己相对独立且隐私的区域，将家具的灵活性与区域感相结合，选择以圆为基础，方为模块，设计一款集适用功能于一体的人性化图书馆家具。
关键词：图书馆家具 多功能 一体化 人性化
Library furniture design of applicable function integration
Abstract：As a public place for books, readers, reading and office activities, the library needs to have corresponding space, environment and furniture. Furniture, as an indispensable necessity of the interior, should not only be beautiful but also have corresponding applicable functions. It should be integrated with other decorations to form the overall indoor environment, so as to improve the function and artistic design level of the reading and office area of the library. Library furniture is open furniture in public space, people#39;s reading habits have gradually changed, and reading posture has become more diversified. The reading posture has been greatly restricted by the previous reading tables and chairs. In terms of furniture selection, the library needs to meet the requirements of readers of different ages and different reading carriers at the same time. It can consider modular furniture, combine with bookshelves, blur the boundary between bookshelves and chairs, and achieve a high degree of integration between reading and people. For people who read, study or work in an open space, they have certain needs for sitting, leaning, supporting and storage. A furniture that can gather tables, chairs, cabinets and bookshelves into one will be a furniture that can better satisfy the public space of the library; everyone in the library space needs different, different activities, activities of the square is different, there are applicable functions and can be humanized free choice of modular parts of the furniture will be suitable for more people; in such a space, it is inevitable to be 'adjacent to strangers', and they need to have their own relatively independent and private areas, combining the flexibility of the furniture with the sense of the region, choosing to design a humanized library furniture with applicable functions on the basis of circle and square as module.
Key words：Library furniture Multifunctional Integration Humanized
1 研究目的与意义
图书馆是一个特殊的公共环境，作为人们求取知识、提高办公效率、获取片刻安宁的场所,其学习、办公效率及舒适度会直接被图书馆内的功能配置与阅读环境所影响。时代高速发展，人性化的理念遍布各行各业，将家具的适用功能集成并人性化设计融入图书馆室内设计整体, 能更好地满足现代人对图书馆家具实用与舒适的要求。[3]从功能分类来看，图书馆家具包括架类、桌类、椅类、柜类，其中桌类又包括办公桌、电脑桌、阅览桌等等；从使用对象看，又可分为办公类、文献加工类、文献库藏类、流通阅览类；从材质上看，可分为木质类、钢制类、钢木类、石质类等。[4]可见图书馆家具品种多、形态复杂、分布广且功能各异，设计一款适用功能集成，造型美观融入整体环境，提供模块化的不同选择的图书馆家具，能够最大程度地满足不同人群的需求，丰富人性化的创造及自由选择的权利，降低家具维护成本等。从读者的使用感受和心理需求出发，满足读者劳逸结合、自我学习与群体阅读、协作创新与研究交流等多样性需求。
2 国内外研究现状
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