银杏叶、杜仲叶复合发酵物对肉鸡生产性能和消化功能的影响
摘 要
本文旨在研究银杏-杜仲叶复合发酵物的优化条件，以及其作为饲料添加剂对肉鸡的生产性能和消化功能的影响。动物试验选用1日龄（1 d）健康、体重相近的白羽肉仔鸡420只（Pgt;0.05），按完全随机设计分成7个处理，每个处理含6个重复（每个重复10只鸡），饲养期为42 d（初期1-21 d，后期22-42 d）。分为：基础日粮对照组、未发酵银杏-杜仲叶（以下简称NFGE组，分别在基础日粮中添加NFGE前期0.3%，后期0.6%），及四个FGE组（FGE1，FGE2，FGE3，FGE4，即分别在基础日粮中添加FGE（前期分别为0.2%、0.3%、0.4%和0.5%，后期分别为0.4%、0.6%、0.8%和1.0%）。结果表示：优化后银杏-杜仲叶复合发酵物通过生物转化后营养丰富，总黄酮、绿原酸、蛋白质和含量必需氨基酸均有显著提高。与对照组相比，FGE2和FGE3组肉鸡的料重比（F/G）在22~42 d和1~42 d间有显著降低（Plt;0.05）；日粮中添加FGE能够显著增加肉鸡十二指肠和空肠的绒毛高度、空肠的绒毛高度与隐窝深度之比，胰腺蛋白酶、十二指肠和空肠的蛋白酶、淀粉酶和碱性磷酸酶（AKP）活性显著提高（Plt;0.05），同时，血清D-木糖水平有显著提高，而血清尿素氮（SUN）水平有显著降低（Plt;0.05）。结果表明：在最佳发酵工艺下获得的发酵产物总黄酮含量为2.13%，绿原酸的含量为0.50%；日粮中添加0.2%~0.5%（后期0.4%~1.0%）的FGE能够在一定程度上促进肉鸡生长发育，并改善肠道消化吸收功能。
关键词：银杏-杜仲叶；固态发酵；肠道功能；肉鸡
Effect of Fermented Ginkgo biloba- Eucommia Leaves on Growth Performance and Digestive Function in Broilers
Abstract
Abstract: In order to optimize the solid-state fermentation conditions of Ginkgo and eucommia leaves, and to study the effects of fermented Ginkgo and eucommia leaves (FGE) on the
performance and intestinal function of broilers. A total of 360 d-old broilers (Pgt;0.05) were randomly allocated to 6 dietary treatments with 6 replications of 10 birds each, which were then denoted as the control group, (basal diet), and the unfermented FGE group (NFGE, containing 0.3% NFGE in the early stage and 0.6% in the later stage, respectively, in the diets), and 4 FGE groups (FGE1, FGE2, FGE3, FGE4, containing 0.2%, 0.3%, 0.4%, 0.5% FGE in the early stage and 0.4%, 0.6%, 0.8%, 1.0% FGE in the later stage, respectively, in the diets). The results showed that, after the optimization, the compound ferment of ginkgo biloba and eucommia ulmoides leaves was enriched with nutrients through biological transformation, and the contents of total flavonoids, chlorogenic acid, protein and essential amino acids were significantly increased. Compared with the control group, the FGE2 and FGE3 had lower F/G during 22-42 days and 1-42 days (Plt;0.05); Dietary FGE supplementation significantly increased the villus height of duodenum and jejunum, the ratio of villus height to crypt depth of jejunum, and also the activities of pancreatic protease, protease, amylase and AKP in duodenum and jejunum (Plt;0.05), while the levels of serum D-xylose and SUN were significantly decreased (Plt;0.05). Based on these results, under the optimal fermentation conditions, the contents of total flavone and chlorogenic acid of the fermentation products were 2.13% and 0.50%, respectively. Dietary FGE supplementation could promote the growth and development of broilers, and improve the intestinal digestion and absorption function.
Keywords：Ginkgo- Eucommia leaves; solid state fermentation; intestinal function; broiler
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