基坑开挖对下方既有盾构隧道影响的模拟分析
摘 要
我国经过改革开放，城市经济得到迅速发展，城市所占比重也越来越大，尤其是在我国东部沿海地区，人们对于土地的需求量是越来越大，因此人们渐渐地开发地下空间，因此，越来越多的建筑物是建立在隧道之上的，因此这就需要在隧道上方开挖基坑。然而基坑开挖卸荷必定会导致下方既有盾构隧道的位移变形，甚至有可能导致隧道结构发生破坏，对地铁隧道的运营安全产生极大的威胁。论文主要工作如下：
基于基坑开挖对隧道变形的理论依据，结合杭州市延安路某基坑工程实例，通过整理并且分析了大量下方既有盾构隧道的基坑工程实例后，运用ABAQUS有限元软件模拟了基坑开挖的全过程对下方既有盾构隧道的变形影响，对基坑的开挖方式、基坑的围护结构以及基坑内外土体的加固措施这些方面进行了层层分析，并且对基坑开挖对下方既有盾构隧道变形影响的规律进行了总结。本文建立了有限元分析模型，详细的分析了基坑在开挖的过程中所造成的隧道变形和位移、基坑的围护结构以及造成的周边土体的附加变形；将基坑的开挖方法和内部的支撑布置形式都进行了比较系统的优化，将几种不同的方案进行对比，使得方案设计更加合理，给其他类似工程提供一定的参考。
关键词：基坑开挖；下方隧道；ABAQUS软件；隧道变形
Simulation Analysis of influence of Foundation Pit Excavation on Shield Tunnel underneath
ABSTRACT
Get rapid economic development in our country after reform and opening up, the city, city is becoming more and more big proportion, especially in the eastern coastal areas in China, the demand for land in the people is more and more big, so people gradually development of underground space, therefore, more and more buildings are built in the tunnel, so it requires above the tunnel excavation of foundation pit. However, the unloading of foundation pit excavation will inevitably lead to the displacement and deformation of existing shield tunnel below, and may even lead to the destruction of tunnel structure, which poses a great threat to the safety of subway tunnel operation. The main work of this paper is as follows:
Based on the theoretical basis of the excavation of tunnel deformation yanan address of hangzhou foundation pit engineering as an example, by collating and analyzing a large amount of the existing shield tunnel after excavation engineering instance, the finite element software ABAQUS to simulate the whole process of the excavation effect on both the deformation of shield tunnel below, on the foundation pit excavation method, the retaining structure of foundation pit and foundation pit internal and external factors such as soil reinforcement measures are analyzed, and summarizes the foundation pit excavation for below both the effect of deformation of shield tunnel. This paper will establish a finite element analysis model to analyze in detail the deformation and displacement of the tunnel caused by the excavation of the foundation pit, the retaining structure of the foundation pit and the additional deformation of the surrounding soil. The excavation method of the foundation pit and the form of internal support arrangement are systematically optimized, and several different schemes are compared to make the scheme design more reasonable and provide some references for other similar projects.
Key words：pit excavation；underneath tunnel；ABAQUS software；tunnel deformation
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