The Cultivation of Cross-cultural Communication Ability in Junior English Class文献综述

 2022-09-09 15:49:31

The Cultivation of the Intercultural Communication Competence in Junior English Class.

Chapter 2 Literature Review

2.1 The Intercultural Communication Competence

2.1.1 The Definition of Intercultural Communication Competence

The discussion on the definition of ICC competence is heated over years, however, there hardly exists a consensus on this topic. According to Wen Qiufangrsquo;s diagram (Wen 2004:175), ICC competence is comprised of Communicative Competence and Cross-cultural Competence. Linguistic Competence, Pragmatic Competence and Strategic Competence are under the category of Communicative Competence, while Sensitivity, Tolerance and Flexibility are under the name of Cross-cultural Competence.

Generally, ICC Competence refers to the degree to which an individual is able to exchange information effectively and appropriately with individuals who are culturally dissimilar (Rogers and Steinfatt, 1999). Spitzberg(2000:357) defines ICC competence as an impression which is appropriate and effective in a certain context. Perry and Southwell(2011: 455) put that although therersquo;s no accordant definition on the term, scholars who work on this field all admit the fact that ICC competence refers to the ability that human beings can associate with foreigners more effectively and appropriately.

2.1.2 The Components of Intercultural Communication Competence

Samovaramp;Porter(2004,303) categorize the ICC competence into three aspects: motivation, knowledge and skill. This model is widely adapted and is applied to large sums of researches. On the basis of behavioral scale for Intercultural Competence Basic, Gudykuns illustrate the components of ICC Competence from 8 aspects, including display of respect, orientation to knowledge, empathy, interaction management, task role behavior, relational role behavior, tolerance for ambiguity and interaction posture(Du Ruiqing, 2004:432). Lusting and Koester (2007:69) propose that ICC Competence can only be acquired by possessing the following three elements: sufficient knowledge, appropriate motivation and well-trained action. That is to say, nothing but only the combination of the three elements can form the ICC Competence. Moreover, Jia Yuxin(1997:480) suggests that the effective ICC Competence consists of basic communication system, emotional and relationship system, episodic competence system and communicative strategy system. Bi Jiwan(2005:66) puts that the ICC Competence is an integrated ability which is made up of verbal communicative ability, non-verbal communicative ability, language rules ability, communicative rule transformation ability and culture adaptability.

From all the components that have been listed above, the common part of these elements can be generalized into three aspects: cognition, attitude and behavior. For the cognition aspect, one should be equipped with various culture knowledge towards homeland and foreign countries, which covers the parts of politics, economy, geography, arts, religion, etc. For the attitude aspect, one should cultivate his sensitivity to the cultural differences, his inclusion to different cultures and his respect to foreign cultures. For the behavior aspect, one should develop multiple communicative abilities which contains verbal and non-verbal abilities, psychology-transfer ability, interpersonal skills, etc.

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