羧基化多孔硅复合材料的制备及应用文献综述

 2022-03-11 22:47:12

羧基化多孔硅复合材料的制备及应用

摘 要

多孔硅(porous silicon,PSi)作为一种纳米结构材。多孔硅因其独特的发光特性和巨大的比表面积从而引起了人们的极大兴趣。由于多孔硅特殊的表面结构,具有光致发光和电致发光的特性,从而决定了多孔硅在电子、光学等方面的巨大的应用前景。除此以外,多孔硅与生物的兼容性也比较好,所以易制备成各种光学生物传感器。本文主要叙述一些多孔硅的制备方法及应用方面,多孔硅与介孔硅的区别,多孔硅的表面修饰以及与金属离子配位,DOX与金属离子配位做载药,保持药物的活性,更有效的治疗癌症。

关键词:多孔硅;表面修饰;配位;载药

Preparation and Application of Carboxylated Porous Silicon Composites

ABSTRACT

Porous silicon (PSi) is used as a nano-structured material. Porous silicon has aroused great interest due to its unique luminescence characteristics and huge specific surface area. Due to the special surface structure of porous silicon, it has the characteristics of photoluminescence and electroluminescence, which determines the huge application prospects of porous silicon in electronics and optics. In addition, the compatibility of porous silicon with biological is also good, so it is easy to prepare various optical biosensors. This article mainly describes some preparation methods and applications of porous silicon, the differences between porous silicon and mesoporous silicon, the surface modification of porous silicon and coordination with metal ions, DOX and metal ions as drug carriers to maintain drug activity, and more Effective treatment of cancer.

Key words:Porous silicon;Surface Modification;Coordination;Drug loading

1 多孔硅

1.1 多孔硅的定义

多孔硅(porous Si),是一种新型的一维纳米光子晶体材料,指硅晶之间有大量孔洞的硅材料,具有纳米硅原子簇为骨架的“量子海绵”状微结构,当单晶硅在氢氟酸溶液中进行电化学阳极氧化并在一定的条件下硅局部被溶解,就会形成一层多孔硅薄膜。多孔硅薄膜是一层具有高纵横比和相互隔绝或相通的纳米硅品[1]

1.2 多孔硅的用途

多孔硅是一种新材料,它具有很大的比表面积(可以达到600 m2/cm3[2]具有光致发光和电致发光等特性,这些特性决定了多孔硅巨大的应用前景。多孔硅主要领域包括光电子、光学、能量转化、传感器等方面。

在光电子方面:(1)光波导,折射率可调性;(2)发光二极管,点知发光效率高;(3) 光储存器,非线性性质好;(4)场发射器,载流子发射。

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