油田用酚胺树脂类破乳剂的结构表征及性能研究
摘 要
原油破乳剂对原油的预处理具有举足轻重的作用。通过对各原油预处理及破乳剂研发制备相关文献与技术的综合研究,综述了原油破乳剂的种类、性能、破乳过程、作用机理、影响原油乳状液稳定性的因素以及破乳剂的国内外研究现状和发展趋势；原油破乳剂的改性可通过改头、换尾、加骨、扩链、接枝、交联和复配等技术合成新型破乳剂。简介了酚胺树脂的制备，以酚胺树脂为起始剂，与环氧乙烷、环氧丙烷反应合成的酚胺树脂破乳剂，对破乳剂的支链程度、分子量、EO/PO质量比以及嵌段类型对脱水效果的影响研究表明，在一定范围内,破乳剂的支链程度越高,分子量越大,脱水效果越好;破乳剂EO/PO值、分子链长均影响破乳剂的破乳效果。
关键词：破乳剂；研究现状；作用机理；酚胺树脂；破乳性能；
Oilfield with phenol amine resin structure characterization and performance study of demulsifier
ABSTRACT
The pretreatment of the crude oil demulsifier for crude oil plays a decisive role.By the pretreatment of crude oil demulsifier and preparation of related literature and technical research and development comprehensive study, summarizes the types of crude oil demulsifiers, performance, demulsification process, mechanism, factors affecting the stability of crude oil emulsion as well as the domestic and foreign research present situation and development trend of the demulsifier;Crude oil demulsifier modified by change of head, in the end, plus bone, chain extender, grafting, crosslinking and techniques such as synthesis of new type demulsifier.Introduced the preparation of phenolic amine resin, phenolic amine resin as starting agent, reaction with ethylene oxide and propylene oxide synthesis of phenol amine resins demulsifier, the degree of branched chain of demulsifier, and molecular weight, than the quality of EO/PO block type research on the influence of the dehydration effect suggests that within a certain range, the higher the degree of branched chain of demulsifier, the larger the molecular weight, the better the dehydration effect;Demulsifier EO/PO value, molecular chain length affected the demulsification of emulsion breaker.
Key words：Demulsifier; the research status; Mechanism of action; Phenol amine resins; Demulsification performance
目 录
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