聚集诱导发光材料的应用
摘要：荧光检测技术具有高灵敏度、低噪音以及较宽的动态范围等众多优点。但是，以前的荧光探针往往存在着某些缺点，比如说它们往往随着浓度的不同表现出微小的stokes位移导致其荧光强度为非线性变化，或者在聚集时发生聚集荧光碎灭现象，影响其检测过程，这些缺点的存在大大缩少了普通荧光探针的应用范围。聚集诱导发光(AIE)现象的发现为解决这一问题提供了一种途径。首先，具有AIE性能的分子其在聚集状态不会发生荧光猝灭。其次，大部分AIE分子的荧光光谱并不会随着其浓度的变化而发生位移。再次，AIE荧光探针采用的是一种turn-on的机理，其敏感性相对较高。因此，新型AIE荧光探针的合成及其应用具有重要的科学意义和重大的实用价值。
关键词：聚集诱导发光；荧光探针；合成应用
Aggregation of Induced Luminescent Materials
Abstract: The fluorescence detection technology has many advantages such as high sensitivity, low noise and wide dynamic range. However, the previous fluorescent probes often have some drawbacks. For example, they tend to show a small stokes shift with the concentration, resulting in a non-linear change in the fluorescence intensity, or an aggregated fluorescence fragmentation phenomenon at the time of aggregation. The detection process, the existence of these drawbacks greatly reduces the scope of application of ordinary fluorescent probes. The discovery of Aggregation Induced Luminescence (AIE) phenomenon provides a way to solve this problem. First, molecules with AIE properties do not undergo fluorescence fragmentation in the aggregated state. Second, most of the fluorescence spectra of AIE molecules do not shift as their concentration changes. Again, AIE fluorescent probes use a mechanism of turn-on is relatively high in sensitivity. Therefore, the synthesis and application of novel AIE fluorescent probes have important scientific significance and significant practical value.
Keywords: Aggregation-induced luminescence；Fluorescent probe；Synthesis application
一、文献综述
1.1具有聚集诱导发光((AIE)现象的有机分子
2001年，Tang领导的研究小组偶然发现1-甲基-1,2,3,4,5-五苯基硅杂环戊二烯在溶液中几乎观察不到荧光，而其一旦形成纳米粒子或制备成膜后，荧光大大增强，他们将这一新现象定义为“聚集诱导发光现象”(Aggregation-Induced Emission, or AIE)[1]。随后，众多研究小组对于这一现象进行了深入研究并发现了众多具有AIE性能的化合物[2]。
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