全文总字数：11921字
多糖复合多层膜的制备及水合性质研究
摘要：小麦糊粉层细胞壁是由阿拉伯木聚糖(AX)和beta;-(1-3)(1-4)葡聚糖(BG)两种多糖一层一层叠加而成的复合多层结构，细胞壁组分会在生长发育期间发生变化，但其在小麦籽粒生长发育期间发挥怎样的作用，以及对小麦产量和品质的影响直到现在还没有完全被解释。本研究通过体外模拟小麦糊粉层细胞壁结构，以AX、BG两种多糖为主要原料，制作三种多层膜：AX多层膜、AX/BG复合多层膜和BG多层膜。同时测定多层膜的吸水速率、干燥速率、含水量和吸水干燥过程中的核磁共振横向弛豫时间T2，并根据反演后横向弛豫时间T2的长短差异区分内部水分相态。通过比较不同多层膜的吸水速率、干燥速率、含水量和各个水分相态的峰面积，研究不同多层膜的水分扩散及分布状态从而推断糊粉层细胞壁对水分分布状态的影响。
关键词：小麦；细胞壁；阿拉伯木聚糖；beta;-(1-3)(1-4)葡聚糖；水合性质
Abstract: The cell wall of the wheat aleurone layer is a composite multilayer structure which is made up of two kinds of polysaccharides: Arabiaxylan (AX), (1,3)(1,4)-beta;-glucan. The cell wall component changes during wheat growth. But the role of changes, and its effect on the yield and quality of wheats have not been understood until now. In order to simulate the cell wall structure of the wheat aleurone layer in vitro, two kinds of AX and BG polysaccharides were used to produce three kinds of multilayer films: AX multilayer, AX/BG composite multilayer and BG multilayer. At the same time, the water absorption rate, drying rate, water content and the NMR transverse relaxation time T2 in the process of water absorption and drying were measured, and the internal water phase states will be distinguished according to the difference of transverse relaxation time T2 after inversion.By comparing the water absorption rate, drying rate, water content and the peak area of each water phase state of different layers, the water diffusion and distribution state of different layers can be studied, so as to infer the influence of aleurone cell wall on the water distribution state.
Keywords: Wheat; Cell wall; Arabiaxylan; (1,3)(1,4)-beta;-glucan; Hydration properties
1 前言
1.1小麦的概述
我国小麦的种植面积仅次于玉米和水稻，小麦是我国50%～60%的城乡居民的主要口粮，全国年消费量约1.05亿t，占全球消费量的20%左右。我国小麦种植主要集中于华北平原、东北平原，小麦的种类分为冬小麦和春小麦。传统农业耕种思想的根深蒂固，我国小麦种植与其他国家的农场种植相比仍存在较大的差距。提高我国小麦种植的产出效益，有助于调动广大农民种植小麦的积极性、调整我国小麦种植产业结构，同时也是适应我国农业生产模式，为我国的小麦粮食安全和保有量提供保障的重要途径[1]。
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