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《AGV小车文献综述》
摘要：AGV小车又名无人搬运车，主要作用在智能化的工厂里，代替工人进行货物的搬
现在劳动力十分昂贵，且很多人都不愿意从事这种又累又枯燥的工作，很多企业都希望效益最大化。AGV小车就可以解决工厂里的搬运工作，减少工人数量，提高生产效率。并且可以减小的危险性。AGV小车在各行各业中都具有重要的意义。AGV小车具有灵活性、实用性、安全性、自动化、经济性等特点[1]，可以搭配很多智能化设备进行生产作业。AGV小车的导航方式有很多种，目前运用比较多的是电磁导航式。将导线铺在地面下面，导线通电时，导线周围会形成磁场，在AGV小车的两边会有两个电磁传感器来确保小车可以沿着导线进行运动[2]。该种导航方式具有准确度较高的优点。AGV小车的动力由蓄电池提供，并利用直流伺服系统驱动[3]。目前国内与国外的AGV技术差距正在逐渐缩小，各种引导方式的AGV小车被广泛的运用到各个领域，并且在未来一定会有更加广阔的市场。
关键词：AGV小车、电磁导航、蓄电池、直流伺服系统
Abstract: AGV car, also known as unmanned truck, mainly plays a role in intelligent factories, replacing workers to carry goods.On one hand, labor force is very expensive nowadays, and many people are not willing to engage in this kind of tired and boring work.On the other hand, many enterprises want to maximize the benefits. AGV car can solve the handling work in the factory, reduce the number of workers, improve production efficiency and reduce the risk. AGV car in all walks of life have important significance. AGV car has the characteristics of flexibility, practicability, safety, automation, economy and so on, which can be combined with many intelligent equipment for production. There are many kinds of navigation methods for AGV cars, and electromagnetic navigation is widely used at present. When the wire is energized, a magnetic field will form around the wire. There will be two electromagnetic sensors on both sides of the AGV car to ensure that the car can move along the wire. This navigation method has the advantage of high accuracy. The AGV car is powered by a battery and is driven by a DC servo system. At present, the gap between AGV technology at home and abroad is gradually shrinking, and AGV cars with various guidance methods are widely used in various fields, and there will be a broader market in the future.
Keywords: AGV car,electromagnetic navigation,battery,DC servo system
前言
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- 研究背景及意义
近年来，劳动力的价格越来越高，很多企业因为要提供巨额的劳动力资金而止步不前。因此机器代替人的搬运工作可以节省下来更多的劳动力。同时网上购物越来越融入人们的生活之中，它在满足人们日益增长的生活品质需求的同时，更加刺激了中国电子商务物流等相关行业的蓬勃发展[4]。在这样的大潮下，仓储物流系统必须向智能化、自动化、柔性化的方向发展，才能满足日益增长的市场需要[5]。很多物流企业比如京东等企业已经进行仓库的全智能化管理。电子商务物流的特点是订单总量大，商品数目多，商品种类繁杂，而单笔订单中商品总数较小。由此产生了许多问题:劳动力需求量大，分拣和输送人员工作繁重，效率较低，错误率高等[6]。解决方法就是采用自动化柔性化的AGV小车来完成分拣和搬运工作，这种工作复杂程度低，因此可以完全代替人力。当然这类技术还有很多问题有待我们去解决，今后的智能化设备一定会更加完善。
1.2工作原理
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