脱木素杨木密实化处理材的尺寸稳定性研究的相关内容研究综述
摘 要
杨木是我国人工林种植的主要树种，也是我们国家较为常见的木材，因为速生杨木本身强度不高，力学性能不佳，不能像其他木材那样作为基材使用，对于现今的生产工艺速生杨木的用途仅用于作为人造板材的基本原料。为了能保证杨木资源进行最大化的利用，我们一开始选用杨木的密实化处理进行杨木力学性能的提升，获得了力学性能较为理想的成品，后来由于木材本身的特性，会出现遇水回弹的情况，不能保证尺寸稳定性。为增加其尺寸稳定性，将木材脱木素浸渍再进行密实化处理这一方法被相关学者提出，经过国内外学者数年的研究，这一方法日趋完善，既保证了力学性能，又能够让该木材在一定条件下拥有良好的尺寸稳定性，拥有良好的发展前景。
关键词：杨木；密实化处理；脱木素；木材强度；尺寸稳定性
A review on the dimensional stability of densified delignificated poplar wood
ABSTRACT
Poplar is the main tree species planted in artificial forests in China, and it is also the more common wood in our country. Because of its low strength and poor mechanical properties, fast growing poplar can not be used as the base material like other wood. For the current production process, fast growing poplar is only used as the basic raw material of artificial boards. In order to ensure the maximum utilization of poplar resources, we used the compaction treatment of poplar to improve the mechanical properties of poplar at the beginning, and obtained the finished product with relatively ideal mechanical properties. Later, due to the characteristics of wood itself, it would rebound when encountered with water, and the dimensional stability could not be guaranteed. To increase its size stability, dipping wood lignin off densification processing again this method put forward by relevant scholars, after several years of research, scholars both at home and abroad has become increasingly perfect, this method not only ensure the mechanical properties, and can make the wood under certain conditions has good dimensional stability, has good development prospects.
Key words: Cypress; Compaction treatment; Take off the lignin; Wood strength; Dimensional stability
为改善速生杨木的使用性能，通常采用改性处理提高其防腐性、耐酸碱性、力学强度和尺寸稳定性等，增加速生材附加值，促进林业经济和木材工业的良性发展[10]。我国人工林速生材主要包括杨木、杉木和松木等，其显著特点是蓄积量大和分布广[2]。但由于速生杨木具有材质软、结构粗松、强度低、耐腐性差，尺寸不稳定等缺点 [16-17]。我们应该将此类资源合理利用，不能让其在产业上局限于人造板基材[20]，而是通过改性将其的缺陷进行优化以达到可持续发展的目的。
国内外相关研究成果
通过开展人工速生林木材强化技术研究，利用木材密实化技术制备压缩木，成为研究热点之一[1]。随着时间的推移，脱木素密实化处理木材的方法被相关学者提出，然而目前脱木素的研究方向在国内不受重视，通过相关的资料了解，现今密实化木材主要的处理方法是直接将木材压缩，但存在着回弹的隐患，所以通过脱木素处理再进行密实化浸渍是现今研究的一个方向。
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