弯曲竹材的微观结构、化学组成及结晶度研究
摘 要
中国是世界竹类种属最多、竹林面积最大的国家。中国的天然竹林主要分布在长江流域以南海拔100~800m丘陵山区及河谷平地。竹子生长迅速，仅需三、五年即可加工利用，竹材用途广，经济价值高。因此，充分利用竹材，对我国的经济发展将起很大的作用。
竹材具有刚度好、强度大等优良的力学特性，是一种良好的工程材料。竹材的抗弯强度、抗拉强度均比一般木材（中软阔叶材和针叶材）高。由于具有优异的弯曲能力，使其常被用作家具和室内装饰中的弯曲构件。在制作弯曲竹构件时常经过微波加热软化、手工弯曲及热干燥定型的工序，这些工序可对竹材的微观结构及结晶度产生一定影响。本研究旨通过对比弯曲竹材的微观结构和结晶度与未处理试样之间的差异，探究竹材通过弯曲处理后微观结构上发生的变化以及竹材的微观结构随曲率半径改变而变化的规律，从而为竹材的工业化利用奠定基础。
关键词：弯曲竹材；微观结构；结晶度；红外光谱
Microstructure, chemical composition and crystallinity of bent bamboo
ABSTRACT
China is the country with the largest bamboo species and the largest bamboo forest in the world. China#39;s natural bamboo forests are mainly distributed in hilly mountain areas and valley plains of 100 ~ 800m above sea level south of the Yangtze River valley. Rapid growth of bamboo, only three or five years to processing and utilization of bamboo widely used, high economic value. Therefore, making full use of bamboo material will play a significant role in the economic development of our country.
Bamboo has a good stiffness, strength and other excellent mechanical properties, is a good engineering materials. Bamboo bending strength, tensile strength than the average wood (soft and hardwood softwood) higher. Due to its excellent bending ability, it is often used as a bending member in furniture and interior decoration. In the production of curved bamboo parts often after microwave heating softening, manual bending and heat drying stereotypes of the process, these processes can have a certain impact on the microstructure and crystallinity of bamboo. The purpose of this study is to compare the microstructure and crystallinity of bent bamboo with the difference between untreated and untreated bamboo to investigate the microstructural changes of bamboo after bending and the change of microstructure with the change of radius of curvature Lay the foundation for the industrialization of bamboo.
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