赤脚医生与农村医疗事业变迁（1969~1986）——以浙江舟山地区为考察中心文献综述

 2022-08-16 18:15:06

赤脚医生与农村医疗事业变迁（1968~1985）

——以浙江舟山地区为考察中心

摘 要

20世纪六七十年代，为了改变中国农村缺医少药的医疗卫生现状，各地掀起了发展合作医疗制度的热潮。赤脚医生队伍作为文化大革命时期的标志性符号，在精神领袖毛泽东的大力支持下迅速成长，投入农村医疗卫生事业的建设。舟山地区赤脚医生的培训以满足海岛人民安心海岛、治病救伤的需求为目的，以低费用、高效率的方式在短期内培训完成，按照“社来社去，队来队去”的原则进行分配。其亦医亦农的性质决定了服务的对象，在和谐的病患关系之下，赤脚医生承担起了农村医疗卫生的重任。

In the 1960s and 1970s, In order to change the current situation of medical and health care in Chinas rural areas with little terrible care and Drug shortage. There has been an upsurge in the development of cooperative medical system. Barefoot doctors as a symbol of the cultural revolution, it was quickly invested in rural medical and health undertakings after training, with the strong support of the spiritual leader Mao Tsetung. The training of barefoot doctors in zhoushan area was aimed at meeting the needs of people on the island to stay at the island and treat the injured. They completed the training in a low cost and efficient way in a short period of time. They were distributed according to the principle of 'go where you come from'. The status as both doctors and peasants of them determined who they served. In a harmonious patient relationship, barefoot doctors took on rural health care tasks.

关键词：赤脚医生；合作医疗；农村；培训；医患关系

Keyword: Barefoot doctors；Cooperative medical care；rural；training；The doctor-patient relationship

一、文献综述

“赤脚医生”一词正式提出，始于1968年《红旗》杂志。在毛泽东的支持下，合作医疗时期，赤脚医生先进事迹的宣传和报道层出不穷，除了报刊杂志这些媒介外，还有相关的影视作品。这些作品由于其出产的特殊年代背景，带有强烈的意识形态色彩，并没有对赤脚医生群体进行系统的研究，忽视其中存在的问题，缺乏客观性。

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