A Critical Analysis of the Social Phenomena in Brave New World 《美丽新世界》中的社会现象分析文献综述

 2021-10-21 17:19:21

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A Contradiction Analysis of the Social Phenomena in Brave New World1. Introduction1.1 Research backgroundBrave New World, a novel written by Huxley, mainly depicts a future world 600 years later. People live in world state, with affluent material life and highly developed science and technology. People are produced by genetic technology, accepting all kinds of constraints and education, all of which are standardized. Peoples desire can be fully satisfied anytime and anywhere, enjoy the enough food and clothing; they do not have to worry about the pain of birth, old age and death. In addition, there is a barbarian reservation outside the world state, where everything is not compatible with the world.Most of the existing studies hold a negative attitude towards the world state in this paper.Some researchers believe that world state is a dehumanizing society. In such a mechanical civilization society, there is no family, personality, emotion, freedom or morality. There is no real emotion between people. Human nature is destroyed by machines. (Liu, 2015)Many researchers believe that world state is a world under the rule of scientific totalitarianism. Here, the control of science and technology over human beings has reached the limit. Human beings have become the product of technology, and have become a species and a machine. Some of them, like the current artificially hatched broilers, are not natural creatures, but a kind of artificially cultivated meat product. (Zhao, 2015) It can be seen that in the past, most of the studies were on one or two aspects of Brave New World to study the causes of the formation of its abnormal society, but not on the whole social phenomena.In view of the limitations of the above research, this paper attempts to study the work comprehensively from the perspective of the whole society. Specifically, it is to analyze the social phenomena in Brave New World with the method of contradiction analysis, which is one of the basic methods of Marxist sociology, and has universal applicability to the study of social phenomena. It can not only explain the present, but also predict the future. In particular, for the study of macro and complex social phenomena and social problems, it has its unique role.1.2 Need of the studyThis paper has practical and academic significance. On the one hand, as a kind of qualitative analysis, the method of contradiction analysis can look at problems in two ways, analyze specific problems, grasp the key and mainstream, and adhere to the unity of the two points theory and the key theory. It can see through the nature of macro and complex social phenomena in a unique way, and has a guiding and warning role for the future society, with practical significance. On the other hand, it is very important to analyze the society in the Brave New World with the method of contradiction analysis to deepen the understanding of the work and the development of anti-Utopian literature, and to expand the application of the method of contradiction analysis in literary works.1.3 Research purposesThe purpose of this study is to explore how to use Marxs contradiction analysis method to analyze the social phenomena in Brave New World. That is to say, using the theory of contradiction analysis, qualitative analysis is carried out, including the analysis of the whole world, the world state and the barbarian reserve in the book, the specific situation of the existing unity of opposites of various social groups, the reasons for hindering social development and its development prediction are obtained.2. Literature review2.1 Definition of contradiction analysisThe method of contradiction analysis is the fundamental method of materialistic dialectics, which refers to the method of observing and analyzing all aspects of things and their movement in order to know the objective things. It is a method of qualitative analysis. Using this method, the researchers must adhere to the view of unity of opposites, see the opposites from unity, and see the unity from opposites. Specifically speaking, first, they must adhere to the two points theory, prevent one sidedness, and avoid considering one thing and losing the other. Second, they must adhere to the key point theory, be good at grasping the main aspects of major contradictions, and highlight the key points and grasp them. Third, they must adhere to the principle of the combination of universality and particularity of contradiction. They should not only analyze the specific situation of things, but also be careful not to separate the specific things from the general connection. Fourth, they must adhere to the theory of development, analyze the dynamics of contradictions, and prevent ideological rigidity. (Xiao, 1995)2.2 Contradictory analysis steps of social phenomenaThe concrete steps of contradiction analysis of social phenomena are as follows: Firstly, social phenomena are regarded as a multi-level and multi-faceted unity of contradictions in the movement, and many contradictions affecting this phenomenon are investigated. Secondly, find out the main aspects of the main contradictions from these contradictions. The main aspects of the main contradictions determine the nature of social phenomena, which are the external manifestations of the above contradictions. Analyze the internal and external conditions for the change of contradictions, and at the same time, the readers should pay attention to the critical point from quantitative change to qualitative change, that is, the conditions and opportunities for the development and transformation of major contradictions. There are four specific research aspects: the identity and struggle of social contradictions, the universality and particularity of social contradictions, the unity of two points theory and key point theory and the specific analysis of specific problems.Works CitedCongdon, B. Community, Identity, Stability: The Scientific Society and the Future of Religion in Aldous Huxleys Brave New World. Association of Canadian College and University Teachers of English, 2011, 42(10): 83-105.Gollobin, I. Dialectical Materialism: Its Laws, Categories, and Practice. New York: Petras Press, 1986.Huxley, A. L. Brave New World. New York: Vintage Classics, 2007.Postman, N. Amusing Ourselves to Death. New York: Penguin USA, 2005.Li, Chengfei. [李成飞], 马克思主义哲学原理. 苏州: 苏州大学出版社, 2015.Li, Zeng. [李增], 唯科学主义与极权主义双重挤压下的人性危机论赫胥黎的小说《美丽新世界》. 外语与外语教学, 2012, (6): 38-39.Liu, Ning. [刘柠], 人性泯灭的黑暗世界解读反乌托邦小说《美丽新世界》的异化主题. 牡丹江大学学报, 2015, (3): 72-73.Sun, Wenyu. [孙闻宇], 反乌托邦文学文体研究以《我们》、《美丽新世界》、《一九八四》为例. 南京大学学报, 2015, (4): 30-32.Xiao, Haohui. [萧浩辉], 决策科学辞典. 上海: 上海人民出版社, 1995.Zhao, Yiwei. [赵怡薇], 从赫胥黎《美丽新世界》看技术统治与极权主义. 语文建设, 2015, (5): 40-42.

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