Analysis of the Tragedy of Ewell in Killing a Mockingbird from the Perspective of Feminism 从女性主义角度分析《杀死一只知更鸟》中尤厄尔的悲剧文献综述

 2021-10-26 22:34:38

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1. IntroductionTo kill a Mocking Bird is an autobiographical novel written by Harper Lee and won the Pulitzer prize in 1960.Once published, the work has been widely concerned by the academic circle and caused a great sensation among readers. Now it has become a recognized classic work of American literature and translated into many different languages.Though now considered a typical American novel and possibly Harpers fictional masterpiece, the book received mixed reviews when it first appeared. This work takes the persecution of innocent black Tom Robinson as the main line and tells a story through the perspective of the protagonist little six-year-old girl in the southern America during the period of Great Depression. Poor Tom was sentenced as the scapegoat of the Ewell family because of the skin discrimination. While the white women Ewell changed her attitude when refused by Tom, she framed Tom as the rapper which directly caused Toms tragedy. This novel sets people think of the racial and gender problem in America. And this thesis intends to reveal the reasons why Ewell chose to do something beyond her will. More importantly, the thesis is aiming at exploring the deep element in the society. The author of this novel, Harper Lee was born in a small town in Alabama in the southern United States in 1926 and died in 2016. Her father was a well-known lawyer and owned fame in the state. Harper Lee received college education and went to New York before graduation to chase her writer dream. She made a living in New York city as a booking clerk to support her writing career. And she finished To Kill a Mocking Bird after she quit her job and went back hometown. To kill a Mocking Bird made Harper the best known novelist in America and even the greatest writer in 20th century. 2. The need of the studyIn this thesis, people can have a better understanding of the novel To Kill a Mocking Bird with the analysis the tragedy of Ewell. To Kill a Mocking Bird is considered as a profound revelation of the racial discrimination and feminism in America. And Ewell is a typical character who has racial viewpoint and complicated situation. She is both poor and hateful in our mind. Born in an upper class in America, the reasons of Ewells tragedy can be listed in several parts including economic and cultural aspect. Though Ewell takes Tom as the scapegoat to save her family and herself, she has some undeniable crime; on the contrary, she is the victim of the fixed white mind and has no individual viewpoint as a woman. The perspective of Feminism helps us to analyze the female character in several aspects, moreover, this viewpoint can be used in many other novel researches.This paper has both pragmatic and academic significance. Firstly, this world renownednovel reflects the racial and gender discrimination which links social right and historical reason. Harper Lee revealed the real social life by showing Ewells struggle and life failure. Till now, a mass of critics have studied To Kill a Mocking Bird from different perspectives. Using Feminism theory to analyse the character, we can get a deeper understanding of this masterpiece and reach the valuable guidance for the development of the society. 3. Literature ReviewTo kill a Mocking Bird has been regarded as one of the most successful and attractive novels written by Harper Lee. When the novel itself gained great success, it also got harsh criticism among the society. Racial problem is the most prominent one as well as the sexual problem. A mass of studies have been made to analyse the novel since its publishing. Foreign and native researchers made analysis about the novel in many aspects. Researches can be divided into several parts, racial and gender discrimination are the most populous topics among all these topics. Some critics argue about the complex characters that represents Ewell. Mayella could not give up the mask of personality, nor could she recognize the shadow and admit that it was a part of her life. Therefore, self-nature could not be realized and self-redemption could not be completed, which ultimately led to her personality tragedy.(Wang, 2019) Some even fight for the exoneration of Ewell. Mayella Violet Ewell did not receive a fair trail. Of course, certainly neither did Tom Robinson.(Ernst Julia, 2015, 47) As a representative of upper class women, Ewell reflects limits and shackles in the society. In the work To Kill a Mocking Bird and the modern southern women, the researcher analyzes the the contradictory image of southern women and make a deep understanding of the harsh realities of racial inequality. (Liu, 2019) She analyzes several southern women like the aunt and Ewell to concentrate on the position of women in America. Ewells life is totally triple tragedies(Wang, 2019) and reflects the Limit of women in the southern part(Liu, 1999). Feminism refers to the movement aimed at establishing and defending equal political, economic, and social rights and opportunities for women. Moreover, the movement changes womens habit of viewing the world through mens perspective and helps women break the shackles. This application of this theory of this thesis will benefit people in understanding a controversial figure and explore the social reason behind it. 4. Organizations of the ThesisChapter one will make a basic introduction of the whole thesis generally.The introduction briefly gives an introduction of To Kill a Mocking Bird and the writer Harper Lee. Chapter two will introduce some previous research of To Kill a Mocking Bird. Previous Studies and researches on Harpers To Kill a Mocking Bird are illustrated in this paper. Chapter three gives a detailed analysis of the tragedy of Ewell from the perspective of feminism. Chapter four is the conclusion and significance of the thesis.ReferencesAnoop,N.,Kehily,M.J. (2016). Gender undone: subversion, regulation and embodiment in the work of Judith Butle. British Journal of Sociology of Education, 4, 459-472.Ernst.,Julia,L.(2015). Women in Litigation Literature: The Exoneration of Mayella Ewell in To Kill a Mockingbird. Akron Law Review. 47.Harper,L. (1960). To kill a Mocking Bird. New York: Grand Central Publishing Press.McIntosh,M.(1991).Gender Trouble: Feminism and the Subversion of Identity. Feminist Review, 38, 113-114.Macaluso,M.(2017). Teaching To Kill a Mockingbird Today: Coming to Terms With Race, Racism, and Americas Novel. Journal of AdolescentAdult Literacy.Warm,M. (2003).Just a lady: gender and power in Harper Lees To Kill a Mocking Bird. Women in Literature: Reading through the Lens of Gender. 哈珀.李（1960）, 《杀死一只知更鸟》（To kill a Mocking Bird），高红梅译。

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