An Analysis of Subtitle Translation Strategies of Humor Dialogues in Friends文献综述

 2021-11-04 20:59:35

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A Brief Analysis of Subtitle Translation Strategies of Humor Dialogues in Friends-From the Perspective of Functional Equivalence Theory浅谈老友记中幽默对白字幕翻译策略-以功能相对论为视角1. Introduction1.1 Research BackgroundWith the increasingly frequent interaction of transnational cultural exchanges, people,When it comes to entertainment way of life, seem to be more attracted by European and American or Japanese and Korean TV dramas which has become a overwhelming trend. taking sitcoms as an example, quite a few sitcoms have flowed into the Chinese television market. Not only has it enriched peoples daily entertainment needs, but also people can learn about American culture and customs through sitcoms. However, we cannot understand their cultural customs through their dialogue for most people do not master American English well, and sitcoms also involve much background of American customs, geography, and culture. thus, subtitles which become an important way for Chinese audiences understand the plot. Excellent and accurate subtitle translation could help the audience accurately comprehend the meaning of the dialogues and the humorous culture behind them, which is what we call the source language. In order to achieve a viewing experience similar to that of the original language audience, it requires that we must provide sitcoms with subtitle translation so as to meet the needs of the market and the audience's viewing experience. At present, as increasing number ofsitcoms has been pouring into China, various levels of subtitle translations also appear, and these subtitle translations lack scientific and professional of theoretical guidance, especially the subtitle translation of humorous dialogue, thereby resulting in inferior quality of subtitle translations. The level of humor dialogues of subtitle translations in sitcoms, which has played a prominent role, can directly affect the audience's understanding of the plot. However, humor translation has always been a difficult point in subtitle translation, because humorous dialogue in sitcoms contains background knowledge of various cultures and behaviors. It is difficult to for translator to translate such a high-quality humor translation unless they comprehend the American culture well. Although humorous translation is difficult to operate while there are practicable methodsto be adopted in order to achieve the humorous effect of sitcoms, and it is beyond doubt that humor is translatable. The joy feelings of humor can be transcended national borders with appropriate translation strategies. humorous translation is particularly important in subtitle translation, which is valued by translation scholars at home and abroad hence. This paper focuses on the translation strategies of humorous dialogue in Friends, Because Friends enjoys a great reputation not only in the United States but even in the world, which is also acclaimed as a milestone of sitcoms. Furthermore, humorous dialogue in Friends truly shows American culture, American social life, and thinking style, the witty dialogue in it and the actors performances have attracted a good number of audiences, thus it is appropriate to choose Friends as a translation strategies research guidance of humorous dialogue.1.2 Purpose and Significance of the Study For Chinese audiences, though understanding the meaning of the dialogue does not mean that they fully understand the humor, especially for Chinese audiences who are not familiar with English, subtitles have become the most important auxiliary means for them to understand the plot. But poor subtitle translation could not express explicitly the humorous effect of the source language. For example, Friends，which was known as a successful sitcom, is full of humorous feelings in it, and pre-recorded laughter appears frequently, but sometimes Chinese audience did not respond to it when the laughter appeared. it seemed that they did not quite understand where the punchline was come from. This is because the subtitle translation does not convey the point of humor, which leads to the audience's incomprehension. It can be seen that excellent subtitle translation can help the target audience accurately understand the meaning of the original language and be infected by the original language humor, which is also the embodiment of functional equivalence theory. Among the subtitle translations, humorous dialogue translation plays an prominent role in subtitle translation. In the one hand, It directly affects whether the audience can experience the same humorous sense through the subtitles translation of humorous dialogues, on the other hand, high-quality subtitle translation of humor dialogues foster the enthusiasm of learning English. However, nowadays there are a variety of forms translation works on the Internet while subtitles version quality of Friends are poor quality, and the satisfactory translation is very few. this is because various translation works are translated and distributed by non-authoritative translation companies or translation teams，meanwhile their translation work lacks a scientific theory to guide subtitle translation of humor dialogues. furthermore, there are few researches on the subtitle translation of humorous dialogues in Chinese translation circles and rare translators plunge themselves into summarizing systematic and various theoretical strategies for subtitle translation of humorous dialogues. Therefore, the purpose of this paper is to summarize a set of universal tactics of humorous dialogues translation based on different kinds of humorous dialogues in Friends, which can form scientific and systematic translation guidance for subtitle translation of humorous languages. in addition, these strategies could improve effectively the quality of subtitle translation of works and help audiences better understand sitcoms. In the final analysis, these translation methods are also conducive to the improvement of the translation level of English lovers, and English learners can also use sitcoms as their own learning materials of English in term of culture and customs and ways of thinking reflected through the humor dialogues.2.Literature Review2.1 Previous Studies on Subtitle Translation at BroadThe subtitle translation originates from the West, especially the European scholars has made great contributions to subtitle translation. For instance, Istvan Fodor has published a book entitled Film Dunning: Phonetic, Semiotic, Esthetic, and Psychological Aspects. Which has laid the foundation for the research of subtitle translation. It was also the first time he put forward the concept of dubbing. Later, many scholars began to research subtitles translation studies. In 1974, Dollerup published an monograph On Subtitles in Television Program, the article analyzes the problems and errors when translating English into Danish. He also proposed the tremendous significance of subtitle translation for foreign language learning. In the era of multimedia, film and television works have become more and more important as an aspect of cultural exchanges, thus a large number of papers and monographs on subtitle translation research have gradually published. for example, Chume , A theoretical researcher in the field, put forward numerous strategies for subtitle translation. In addition, with subtitle translation studies enter a period of flush development, some western countries have also held some conferences on mainly on subtitle translation studies. For example, in February 2004, London hosted an international symposium on the topic:Language Conversion on the Screen, which creatively promoted research in the field of subtitle translation.2.2 Previous Studies on Subtitle Translation at HomeThe domestic research on the subtitle translation of subtitle translation started later than the western countries, Because it did not pay enough attention. but later more scholars devote themselves into research in the field of subtitle translation ,and research theories of translation are completely mature in recent years, including Functional Equivalence Theory, Ecological Translation Theory, Relevance Theory, Adaptation Theory, Functional Teleology, Cognitive Translation Theory, and others. In addition, some articles have directly studied the translation strategies in term of theoretical perspective, such as domestication and foreignization translation strategies and literal translation and omitted translation methods. Professor Qian Shaochang, China's well-known research expert in subtitle translation study from the School of Journalism and Communication of Shanghai International Studies University, pointed out the importance of subtitle translation in his paper, and he has long been in subtitle translation circle. At present, the translation standards and specifications of subtitle groups are different, and the quality of subtitle translation needs to be improved urgently. 2.3 Previous Studies on Humor Language At BroadWestern countries have paid more attention to the translation of humorous language than China. As early as the 20th century, they started to research translation of humorous language. Henry Bergon once mentioned that the translation of humorous language is different from other languages in his book《laughter,an essay on the meaning of comic》, and it should be distinguished from other languages. humorous language should be studied as a separate translation direction. He also suggested that scholars should be concerned about both translatability and untranslatability issues of humorous language. And he also believed that humorous language is untranslatable. No one has refuted this view until the end of the 19th century. many professors and translators successively published quite a few paper about some analysis and translation strategies of humorous language translation techniques and overthrow his view. For example, Anne-Marie proposed that humorous language is translatable, but there are still some difficulties in humorous language that cannot be expressed in words. later scholars overcome this obstacle with innovative and imaginative ideas and achieve translatability of humorous language. No long afterwards Debra S. Raphaelson-West put forward an important point, He holds that the translation of humorous language is similar to poetry translation, and the key point in poetry translation is the form of poetry, He, therefore, proposed three types of humorous language, namely, universal humor, culturally-related humor and wordplay humor, which become an important discovery and promoted greatly the process of humorous translation. From then, Foreign scholars have gradually matured their research and analysis of humorous languages, thus forming a series of relatively complete theories. In recent years, the linguistic circle has mainly researched humorous language from the perspective of pragmatics and cognition. 2.4 Previous Studies on Humor Language At HomeThere are few domestic studies in the field of humorous language, and translation circle lack enough emphasis on the translation of humor language. later Liu Duyang was the first person to start researching humorous translation. In 1928, he published a book entitled Translate Prose and Advocate Humor, and made positive contributions to the translation of humorous languages while humor translation studies are still superficial and there are no major breakthroughs. Then, due to the promotion of various factors, humorous translation gradually have received the attention of translation circles. In 1994, Du Sai argued that, in his article entitled verbal humor structure and style, we should focus on the linguistics structure and style of the text of humor language, and he insisted the study of humorous language is conducive to learn English. In 2009, Tian Xufeng's book Translation of Humor Subtitle in Friends, proposed that literal translation is the most suitable method to guide the translation of humorous languages. Discovered from previous research on the development of humorous language. Although domestic and abroad researches have enriched the gaps in filed of humorous language , which still lacks a systematic translation strategy and innovation.

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